Wrench.



N0.730,58'7. I Q 7 I PATENTED JUN-E 9,1903.

J. B. TUPPER.

WRENCH.

, APPLIGATION FILED FEB. 24. 1903. no MODEL.

Fig.1.

ATTORNEY.

UNITED STATES Patented June 9, 1903.

PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN B. TUPPER, OF SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA, ASSIGNOR OF ONF- HALF TOCORBT G. DEAN, OF SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA.

WRENCH. I

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 730,587, dated June 9,1903. Ap lication filed February 24, 1903- Serial No. 144,707. (Nomodel.)'

To aZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I. Joan B. TUPPER, a citizen of the United States,residing at San Francisco, in the county of San Francisco and v State ofCalifornia, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inWrenches, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in wrenches, the object of myinvention being to provide a wrench for pipes or nuts which shall becheap and simple in construction and convenient in operation.

My invention therefore resides in the novel construction, combination,and arrangement of parts for the above ends hereinafter fully specified,and particularly pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a plan view of the wrench.Fig. 2 is a horizontal section of the same, taken just above the uppersurfaces of the jaws, the handle being broken 0d. Fig. 3 is a similarview showing the position of the parts when it is desired to open outthe wrench.

Referring to the drawings, 1 represents the handle of the wrench, havingformed thereon a stationary jaw 2. Upon said stationary jaw is pivotallymounted the guide 3 for the movable jaw 4, said guide comprising theback 5 and the sides 6, said sides being secured to the stationary jawby a pivot-pin 7. On the inner side of the stem Spf the movable jaw areformed ratchet-teeth 9, and between the sides of the guide is fixedlysecured a dog 10, having a suitable number of teeth to engage theratchet-teeth 9, the dog being shown in the present instance as havingthree such teeth, although more or less may be used, as desired. Uponthe upper end of the handle, immediately below the stationary jaw and onthe side next the dog, is secured the lower end of a spring 12, the freeend of which ex t-ends around the point 13 of said stationary jaw, sothat the upper end of the spring presses against the inner surface ofthe stem of the movable jaw at a point above the pivot 7. The back ofthe guide is formed on its inner surface at about the middle thereofwith a point or ridge which serves as a fulcrum against which the backof the movablejaw stem rests, and as the free end of the spring pressessaid stem backward above said fulcrum it forces the lower end of thestem inward toward the handle.

.Theoperation is as follows: The operator places the jaws over a pipe orwrench, and the pressure of said pipe or wrench between the jaws forcesthe upper end of the movable jaw back, thereby forcing the ratchet-teeth9 firmly against the teeth of the dog, so that the jaw is prevented frommoving downward. Said jaw can be moved downward to fit anysized pipe ornut by simply pushing it down upon the nut or pipe, the ratchet-teethslipping past the teeth of the dog. When it is desired to extend thedistance between the jaws, all that is necessary is to press the lowerend of the movable-jaw stem outward against the back of the guide, asshown in Fig. 3, when the ratchet-teeth will avoid the teeth of the dog,and the movable-jaw stem can be slid upward to any desired height.

It will be observed that'the spring performs two functions. First, itpresses the ratchetteeth against the dog and prevents the movable jawfalling down. Secondly, it presses the lower part of the guideway,andtherefore also the lower part of the movable stem, inward against thehandle, or, in other words, prevents the guideway and stem from swingingfreely away from the handle. This is due to the fact that the pressureof the spring 12 on the stem 8 is above the pivot 7.

I claim 1. A wrench comprising the handle, the sta tionary jaw formedthereon, the guideway pivoted thereon having the side walls and back,and having the dog secured between the side walls, the movable jawhaving a stem sliding between said dog and back and having ratchet-teethon its inner side arranged to engage the teeth of the dog when the lowerend of the stem inclines inward toward the bandle, and the springsecured to the handle near the stationary jaw the upper end of whichengages the inner surface of themov able-jaw stem at a point above thepivot of the guideway on the stationary jaw, substantially as described.

2. A wrench comprising the handle, the stationary jaw formed thereon,the guideway pivoted thereon having the side walls and back, and havingthe dog secured between the the inner surface of the movable-j aw stemat side walls, the movable jaw having a stem a point above the pivot ofthe guideway on sliding between said dog and back and having thestationary jaw, substantially as described. ratchet-teeth on its innersidearranged to en- In Witness whereof I have hereunto set my [5 gagethe teeth of the dog when the lower end hand in the presence of twosubscribing witof the stem inclines inward toward the hannesses dle,said back havinga ridge located between the dog and the point ofpressure of the TUPPER' spring upon the movable-jaw stem, and theWitnesses: *0 spring secured to the handle near the sta- BESSIEGORFINKEL,

tionary jaw the upper end of which engages F. M. WRIGHT.

